Here are a few things to look for since our change BUNDLE went into the early and Meso runs 18 February: FORM DRAG - this was put in to reduce the problem that all NCEP models have with lows coming out of the Rockies too far north and too intense. This problem is not severe in the Eta (as opposed to NGM and AVN) The changes you should expect are pretty minimal in the 48 km early and 29 km Meso runs, but will help when we are forced to run a back-up version at 80 km (hasn't happened YET!). BETTER MOISTURE AND CLOUD ADVECTION - this is an incremental change which I don't think you will be able to see, but everything is handled just a little bit better. ECCENTRIC ORBIT + CORRECTED OZONE + AEROSOL - these corrections and changes reduce a problem we recently found in our radiation package which was producing excess net shortwave radiation at the ground, which was producing higher daytime temp's and more vigorous pbl mixing which generated too deep a mixed layer dragging the surface dew-points too low (inverted V on a skew-T). REDUCED ALBEDO OVER SNOW - this will allow low level temperatures to get a little warmer over snow during daytime IMPROVED COMPUTATION OF CLOUD FRACTION - radiation feels cloud in each model layer rather than rather than through 3 layers - these are incremental improvements and are better physical representations with the model's atmosphere feeling the effects of the model's clouds in each of the Eta model layers, the result is slightly cooler max temps during day and slightly warmer min temps at night under cloudy conditions. IMPROVED INPUT FIELDS OF VEGETATION GREENNESS FRACTION AND INITIAL SOIL MOISTURE - more accurate and higher detail IMPROVED SOIL MOISTURE AND ENHANCED BARE SOIL EVAPORATION - these changes increase the evaporation or latent heat flux and compensate somewhat for the low-level dryness induced by the too deep mixed layer CORRECTIONS TO PHYSICAL PROCESSES RELATED TO MELTING SNOW - 2 m dew points used to be warmer than 2 m temp over melting snow, this situation is now corrected. INCREASED THE BACKGROUND LEVEL OF TURBULENT MIXING - slightly more mixing under very low wind speeds, can produce slightly warmer temperatures under radiational cooling situations where the Eta is too cold. Geoff DiMego > > CHANGES TO THE OPERATIONAL "EARLY" AND MESO ETA MODELS > > At 1200 UTC 18 February 1997 a series of changes was implemented in the > operational Early (48km/38lev) Eta model, and at 1500 UTC 18 February 1997, > the same changes were implemented in the operational Meso (29km/50lev) Eta. > A brief description of these changes follows: > > 1) MODEL CHANGES > > - Addition of a form-drag scheme > > - Implementation of a more efficient and accurate positive > definite advection scheme for moisture and cloud. > > - Eccentric (rather than circular) orbit around the Sun > > - Corrected atmospheric ozone distribution > > - Effect of aerosols on net shortwave radiation added > > - Reduced albedo over snow > > - Model radiation impacted by cloud in each individual model > layer, rather than through 3 deep layers > > - Improved computation of cloud fraction > > - Improved input fields of vegetation greenness fraction and > initial soil moisture > > - Enhanced bare soil evaporation > > - Corrections to physical processes related to melting snow > > - Increased the background level of turbulent mixing > > 2) POST-PROCESSOR CODE AND OUTPUT CHANGES > > - Implementation of a more efficient version of the Eta model > post-processing code. > > - The following grids will be directly output by the Early > Eta model post-processor (complimenting the existing grids) > at 6-h forecast intervals: > > - AWIPS grid 211 (80 km Lambert Conformal over CONUS) > - AWIPS grid 214 (48 km polar stereographic over Alaska) > > - The following grids will be directly output by the Early > Eta model post-processor at 3-h forecast intervals: > > - AWIPS grid 212 (40 km Lambert Conformal over CONUS) > - Eta model computational grid on pressure levels > - Eta model computational grid on model levels > > These additional fields will be accessible via anonymous ftp > on the nic server (nic.fb4.noaa.gov or 140.90.50.22). > The content and timeliness of the current Eta model products > on the OSO server remains unchanged. The additional grids > described above will be available on the OSO server in the > near future. > > A previously advertised change of GRIB file identifiers for Eta > boundary layer fields (GRIB PDS octets 9-12) is NOT part of this > implementation due to delays in users software conversion. These > changes will occur at a later date. > Changes for the next JIF Model: Snow albedo now a function of snow and veg fraction Fix surface evap of snow Correction of GDAS soil moisture adjustment New soil default values over water New bare soil evaporation formula Fix the output of potential evaporation for BUFR Modify the freezing rain criterion in the surface physics Station list keeps grid lat/lon, checks land/sea mask Fix the snow melting water drip for surface runoff Change the surface runoff calculation New output for BUFR and GRIB posts Increased minimum background mixing Form drag included New advection of q and cloud Modified cloud scheme Multi-level clouds in radiation Solar constant now a function of time of year Reduce solar constant by 3% to account for aerosols Include effect of ozone above model top Post: GDS now includes central lat/lon in octets 29-32 Drop snow temp, max soil moisture PW now includes cloud water/ice, PDS level type 200 (entire atm) Snow albedo formula matches that used in model Add bottom soil temp Add surf exchange coef Add green veg cover Add soil moisture availability Add total soil moisture Add ground heat flux Add cloud ice on P Add cloud top temps Add instantaneous precip rate Add snow ratio from explicit cloud scheme Add multi-layer soil temp and moisture Clean up instant sfc rad so each component (LW up, LW dwn SW up, SW dwn) are posted separately Fix total cloud fraction (time ave) Low, mid, hi cloud fraction PDS level types 214,224,234 Fix snow cover Fix canopy water Fix PDS for eta layers (now PDS level type 119) Fix PDS for Eta boundary layer fields (now PDS level type 116) TKE on eta layers (119) correctly on interfacial layers LI from eta boundary layer now called Parcel LI (PDS #24) Highest freezing level now called geopotential height (PDS #7) Many fields that had no level type, now on surface (level type 1) Cloud water is now water only, ice is ice only Modified cloud fraction consistent with model UCL: cntrl files are different staids now include flag to guarantee land or sea points add new stations to station list new bufr tables several modified scripts (model, grdeta in particular) add BUFR breakout script BUFR post: Changed CLASS0 and CLASS1 tables to reflect the WMO specification on the number, scale, reference, bit, and unit for each output variable. Lat/lon is from model grid location Set soil vars to missing over water Class 0: Drop 10m theta, 10m q, max/min temps Add 1st soil layer temp Add surface evap Add snow water equivalent Add sea mask Add runoff Add low, mid, hi cloud frac Class 1: Add sea mask Add low, mid, hi cloud frac Add surface runoff Add base-flow (underground runoff) Add TKE Add accum snow fall Add surf exch coef Add veg frac Add plant canopy water Add 2 layers of soil temp and moisture Add low, mid, hi cloud frac Add snow ratio from explicit cloud scheme Breakout (BUFR): Add to operational scripts, output goes to /com/~/BUFR Grdeta: New vegetation fraction Make restart file I/O compatible with new output Updt: Make restart file I/O compatible with new output W3LIB: Change w3 routines that decode grib to recognize new GDS for Eta ............................................. List of GRIB file PDS changes for the upcoming JIF to the Early Eta ======================== FILE: eta.T**Z.GRBGRD* - GRID 104 OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239 1 0 REMOVED NOT VALID SNOW TEMP 85 1 0 85 112 10 SOIL TEMP 86 1 0 86 112 10 SOIL MOISTURE 86 111 0 REMOVED NOT VALID MAX SOIL MOIST 122 111 0 155 1 0 GROUND HEAT FLX 54 108 100 54 200 0 PW ENTIRE ATM 73 0 0 73 214 0 LOW CLOUD FRACT 74 0 0 74 224 0 MID CLOUD FRACT 75 0 0 75 234 0 HI CLOUD FRACT 71 0 0 71 200 0 TOT CLOUD FRACT 213 0 0 213 200 0 STRAT CLD FRACT 72 0 0 72 200 0 CONV CLD FRACT 113 118 136 211 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA 114 118 136 212 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA 8 204 0 7 204 0 HIEST FREEZ LVL 1 108 24932 1 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PRESS 11 108 24932 11 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TEMP 13 108 24932 13 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 THETA 52 108 24932 52 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 RH 17 108 24932 17 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TD 51 108 24932 51 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 SPEC HUM 135 108 24932 135 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 MST DIV 33 108 24932 33 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 UWND 34 108 24932 34 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 VWND 39 108 24932 39 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 OMEG 54 108 24932 54 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PW 131 108 24931 24 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 LI 11 108 24161 11 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 TEMP 52 108 24161 52 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 RH 51 108 24161 51 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 SPEC HUM 33 108 24161 33 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 UWND 34 108 24161 34 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 VWND 11 108 23390 11 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 TEMP 52 108 23390 52 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 RH 51 108 23390 51 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 SPEC HUM 33 108 23390 33 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 UWND 34 108 23390 34 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 VWND 39 108 23390 39 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 OMEG 11 108 22619 11 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 TEMP 52 108 22619 52 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 RH 51 108 22619 51 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 SPEC HUM 33 108 22619 33 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 UWND 34 108 22619 34 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 VWND 11 108 21848 11 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 TEMP 52 108 21848 52 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 RH 51 108 21848 51 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 SPEC HUM 33 108 21848 33 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 UWND 34 108 21848 34 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 VWND 11 108 21077 11 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 TEMP 52 108 21077 52 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 RH 51 108 21077 51 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 SPEC HUM 33 108 21077 33 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 UWND 34 108 21077 34 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 VWND 39 108 21077 39 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 OMEG 132 108 21602 132 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 BEST LI 157 108 21602 157 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CAPE 156 108 21602 156 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CINS 176 0 0 176 1 0 LATITUDE 177 0 0 176 1 0 LONGITUDE OTHER CHANGES/ADDITIONAL FIELDS: 153 100 *** NO CHANGE CLOUD WATER ONLY NOT FOUND 58 100 *** CLOUD ICE ONLY The cloud water is now only water (no ice) and we will need to add the cloud ice to go along with it. ======================== FILE: eta.T**Z.GRB_FM* - GRID 26 OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 108 100 54 200 0 PW ENTIRE ATM 8 204 0 7 204 0 HIEST FREEZ LVL 1 108 24932 1 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PRESS 11 108 24932 11 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TEMP 13 108 24932 13 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 THETA 52 108 24932 52 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 RH 17 108 24932 17 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TD 51 108 24932 51 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 SPEC HUM 135 108 24932 135 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 MST DIV 33 108 24932 33 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 UWND 34 108 24932 34 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 VWND 39 108 24932 39 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 OMEG 54 108 24932 54 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PW 131 108 24931 24 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 LI 132 108 21602 132 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 BEST LI 157 108 21602 157 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CAPE 156 108 21602 156 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CINS ======================== List of GRIB file PDS changes for the upcoming JIF to the Meso Eta ======================== FILE: meso.T**Z.AWIP20* OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 1 0 65 1 0 ACM SNOWFALL 54 108 100 54 200 0 PRECIPITABLE WATER 71 0 0 71 200 0 TOTAL CLOUD FRAC 11 108 24932 11 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TEMP 52 108 24932 52 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 RH 33 108 24932 33 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 UWND 131 108 24931 24 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 LI 11 108 24161 11 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 TEMP 52 108 24161 52 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 RH 33 108 24161 33 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 UWND 34 108 24161 34 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 VWND 11 108 23390 11 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 TEMP 52 108 23390 52 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 RH 33 108 23390 33 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 UWND 34 108 23390 34 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 VWND 11 108 22619 11 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 TEMP 52 108 22619 52 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 RH 33 108 22619 33 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 UWND 34 108 22619 34 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 VWND 11 108 21848 11 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 TEMP 52 108 21848 52 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 RH 33 108 21848 33 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 UWND 34 108 21848 34 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 VWND 132 108 21602 132 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 BEST LI 157 108 21602 157 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CAPE 156 108 21602 156 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CINS ======================== FILE: meso.T**Z.AWIP3D* OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 108 100 54 200 0 PW ENTIRE ATM 8 204 0 7 204 0 HIEST FREEZ LVL 1 108 24932 1 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PRESS 11 108 24932 11 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TEMP 13 108 24932 13 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 THETA 52 108 24932 52 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 RH 17 108 24932 17 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 TD 51 108 24932 51 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 SPEC HUM 135 108 24932 135 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 MST DIV 33 108 24932 33 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 UWND 34 108 24932 34 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 VWND 39 108 24932 39 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 OMEG 54 108 24932 54 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 PW 131 108 24931 24 116 7680 ETA BND LYR 1 LI 11 108 24161 11 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 TEMP 51 108 24161 51 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 SPEC HUM 33 108 24161 33 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 UWND 34 108 24161 34 116 15390 ETA BND LYR 2 VWND 11 108 23390 11 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 TEMP 52 108 23390 52 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 RH 51 108 23390 51 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 SPEC HUM 33 108 23390 33 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 UWND 34 108 23390 34 116 23100 ETA BND LYR 3 VWND 39 108 23390 39 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 3 OMEG 11 108 22619 11 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 TEMP 51 108 22619 51 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 SPEC HUM 33 108 22619 33 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 UWND 34 108 22619 34 116 30810 ETA BND LYR 4 VWND 11 108 21848 11 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 TEMP 51 108 21848 51 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 SPEC HUM 33 108 21848 33 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 UWND 34 108 21848 34 116 38520 ETA BND LYR 5 VWND 11 108 21077 11 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 TEMP 52 108 21077 52 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 RH 51 108 21077 51 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 SPEC HUM 33 108 21077 33 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 UWND 34 108 21077 34 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 VWND 39 108 21077 39 116 46230 ETA BND LYR 6 OMEG 132 108 21602 132 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 BEST LI 157 108 21602 157 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CAPE 156 108 21602 156 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 CINS OTHER CHANGES/ADDITIONAL FIELDS: 153 100 *** NO CHANGE CLOUD WATER ON P SFC NOT FOUND 58 100 *** CLOUD ICE ON P SFC note that CLOUD WATER (153) is now water ONLY, and CLOUD ICE (58) is now ice ONLY. ======================== FILE: meso.T**Z.AWIPSF* OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239 1 0 REMOVED NOT VALID SNOW TEMP 85 1 0 85 112 10 SOIL TEMP LYR 1 86 1 0 144 112 10 SOIL MOISTURE LYR 1 86 111 0 REMOVED NOT VALID MAX SOIL MOIST 66 1 0 65 1 0 ACM SNOWFALL 122 111 0 155 1 0 GROUND HEAT FLX 73 0 0 73 214 0 LOW CLOUD FRACT 74 0 0 74 224 0 MID CLOUD FRACT 75 0 0 75 234 0 HI CLOUD FRACT 71 0 0 71 200 0 TOT CLOUD FRACT 113 118 136 211 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA 114 118 136 212 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA OTHER CHANGES/ADDITIONAL FIELDS: NOT FOUND 85 111 300 BOTTOM SOIL TEMP NOT FOUND 85 112 2760 SOIL TEMP LAYER 2 NOT FOUND 144 112 2760 SOIL MOIST LAYER 2 NOT FOUND 207 112 200 MOISTURE AVAILABLTY NOT FOUND 86 112 200 TOTAL SOIL MOISTURE NOT FOUND 208 1 0 SFC EXCHANGE COEF NOT FOUND 87 1 0 GREEN VEG FRACTION ======================== FILE: meso.T**Z.EGRD3D* OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *** 107 *** *** 119 *** ALL ETA LAYERS *** 118 *** *** 119 *** ALL ETA LAYERS 86 1 0 144 112 10 SOIL MOISTURE LYR 1 NOT FOUND 144 112 2760 SOIL MOISTURE LYR 2 73 0 0 73 214 0 LOW CLOUD FRACT 74 0 0 74 224 0 MID CLOUD FRACT 75 0 0 75 234 0 HI CLOUD FRACT 71 0 0 71 200 0 TOT CLOUD FRACT 176 0 0 176 1 0 LATITUDE 177 0 0 177 1 0 LONGITUDE GDS OCTETS 29-30 NOW CONTAIN THE CENTRAL LATITUDE (DEG N * 100) OF THE ROTATED LAT/LON MAP PROJECTION. GDS OCTETS 31-32 NOW CONTAIN THE CENTRAL LONGITUDE (DEG E * 100) OF THE ROTATED LAT/LON MAP PROJECTION. Note that CLOUD WATER (153) is now water ONLY, and CLOUD ICE (58) is now ice ONLY. Also note that TKE (158) is now correctly labelled as an interfacial value and will have different PDS octets 11&12 than the other variables. ======================== FILE: meso.T**Z.EGRDSF* OLD PDS OCTETS NEW PDS OCTETS NAME ( 9) (10) (11-12) ( 9) (10) (11-12) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239 1 0 REMOVED NOT VALID SNOW TEMP 85 1 0 85 112 10 SOIL TEMP LYR 1 86 1 0 144 112 10 SOIL MOISTURE LYR 1 86 111 0 REMOVED NOT VALID MAX SOIL MOIST 66 1 0 65 1 0 ACM SNOWFALL 122 111 0 155 1 0 GROUND HEAT FLX 54 108 100 54 200 0 PW ENTIRE ATM 73 0 0 73 214 0 LOW CLOUD FRACT 74 0 0 74 224 0 MID CLOUD FRACT 75 0 0 75 234 0 HI CLOUD FRACT 71 0 0 71 200 0 TOT CLOUD FRACT 213 0 0 213 200 0 STRAT CLD FRACT 72 0 0 72 200 0 CONV CLD FRACT 113 118 136 211 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA 114 118 136 212 8 0 SW RAD AT TOA 111 1 0 204 1 0 INST SW DOWN AT SFC 132 108 21602 132 116 46080 ETA BND LYR 1-6 BEST LI OTHER CHANGES/ADDITIONAL FIELDS: NOT FOUND 85 111 300 BOTTOM SOIL TEMP NOT FOUND 85 112 2760 SOIL TEMP LAYER 2 NOT FOUND 144 112 2760 SOIL MOIST LAYER 2 NOT FOUND 207 112 200 MOISTURE AVAILABLTY NOT FOUND 86 112 200 TOTAL SOIL MOISTURE NOT FOUND 208 1 0 SFC EXCHANGE COEF NOT FOUND 87 1 0 GREEN VEG FRACTION NOT FOUND 205 1 0 INST LW DOWN AT SFC NOT FOUND 211 1 0 INST SW UP AT SFC NOT FOUND 212 1 0 INST LW UP AT SFC GDS OCTETS 29-30 NOW CONTAIN THE CENTRAL LATITUDE (DEG N * 100) OF THE ROTATED LAT/LON MAP PROJECTION. GDS OCTETS 31-32 NOW CONTAIN THE CENTRAL LONGITUDE (DEG E * 100) OF THE ROTATED LAT/LON MAP PROJECTION.